The+Americas



Arrival of the first Canadian Pacific transcontinental passenger train at Port Moody, British Columbia, July 4, 1886.

//train: 19th century passenger train//. Photograph. //Encyclopedia Britannica Online//. Web. 23 Aug. 2011. <[]>.

Technology of the Americas - ==== **__Changes Towards the Turn of the Century 1850-1914 __** ====

= ** The Steam Engine (1606-1960) ** =

** Benefits **
====- The steam engine gave rise to major advancement in industrial development ==== ==== - This invention lead the the invention of the combustion engine ====

 - It was a huge surge in industry
==== - It was soon used to be placed on a vehicle, which led to some steam-powered transportation (for a brief time) ==== ==== - Steam locomotives and steam paddle boats started to appear. ==== ==== - First steamship was invented that help provided transportation for the people ====

**Negative Consequences**
====- The fuels used to generate the steam engines. Coals and oil and most common and polluting. ==== ==== - Steam powered ships were slow, they only travelled at an average speed of 5 miles per hour ====

 - Lightweight, cheap to build
==== - Although it could only fly short distances, it is still faster than the boat. ====

**Negative Consequences **
====- The first airplanes were dangerous as they were not that stable - The flight time were short (around 60m), so it could crash anytime - Small wings in the front of the main wings (canards) caused over pitch problem - Easily destroyed hazardous for fire (made out of wood) ====

**Benefits**
====<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- After this invention by Johann Philipp Reis (earliest telephone maker) in 1860 there were more developments (such as Alexander Bell created another version of the telephone in 1876) (benefited the entire US) Example: After this invention, many scientists were interested on this topic so there were many developments of a better telephone - Benefited the US citizens, because they were able to communicate with people far away. They didn’t have to mail things so talking to people was a lot more efficient and directNegative Consequences ==== <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- Mailing business wasn’t as good as before

Electric Fan Benefits <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- Schuyler Skaats Wheeler, because he was awarded the John Scott Medal of The Franklin Institute in 1904 then he was the president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- It benefits the citizens of America, because they didn’t have fans before, so life would be quite hot in the places close to the equator. With this fan, they would feel a lot cooler in the summer

**Negative Consequences**
====<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- Affects the environment, because you need electricity to produce the fan and make the fan work ====

**Benefits**
====<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- Started fighting diseases and discovering cures on the cellular level - Nearly all disease are caused by microscopic life forms (ex. bacteria) - Dramatically improved public health - Many parts of the body (ex. cells) are microscopic and the microscope allowed researchers discover a whole new world ====

**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Negative Consequences **
====<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- It encouraged many programs to attempt improving sanitaion in public areas that took year and lots of finacial effort to complete - The microscope questioned the church’s belief and power - Many people refused to believe there was a microscopic world ====

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**American Civil War** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">

**Benefits**
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> - The Union benefited because they were portrayed as the heroes of America even though the southern states would have eventually returned to the US because they couldn’t support them selves on their own without industrializing. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> - The slaves benefited because shortly after the war, the Thirteenth Amendment was passed abolishing slavery in the US.

**Negative Consequences**
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- The southern states that was still mostly agricultural didn’t have the cheap labor for their farms. Producing goods in the south became much more expensive. - The south had lost many men and the war had destroyed much of its wealth - Income in the south dropped to less than 40% then the north. This lasted way into the 20th century.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**The Sand Creek Massacre** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**Benefits**   <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-Americans because they really wanted the land **Negative Consequences** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-Indian Tribes loss a lot of lives -They loss chiefs example: Black Kettle -Tribes loss more than half their population -Because of this massacre, their system was messed up causing Cholera <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**Haymarket Square Riot** **Benefits** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- Policemen were viewed as martyrs - Benefits the workers because they also had power, by banding together and forming a union called the Knights of Labor **Negative Consequences**     <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- Many policemen died - Workers were viewed as violent anarchists - Owners of companies and factories faced negative consequences because they had to cater to the workers’ demands or they would strike or protest  <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**Spanish American War 1898**  <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**Benefits**  <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- 1895 Spanish had rule of Cuba - After the fighting ended in August 12 1898, Spanish recognized Cuban independence - America gained Phillipines as an entrepot for Far Eastern trade

**Negative consequences**
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- 1895, sugar from Cuba wasn’t being purchased by US - 1895, Cubans wanted to kick Spain out of Cuba - 1898, The USS Maine sank and many crewmen died and suffered injuries - Spain lost the Phillipines <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**Red River War**

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-Helped alert sympathizers to the harsh treatment of the American Indians by the U.S. government

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-Opened new possibilities of cooperation between the army and the Indian Bureau

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-Taught the army, if given free control and adequate force, they could successfully operate against American Indians

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-Red River War was the last time killing of the bison herd

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-Settlement of the Texas Panhandle by whites

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**Negative Consequences**

====<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- Killed few Indians but capturing and slaughtering about fourteen hundred horses ====

====<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- Indians got defeated and seventy four American Indians, who were leaders to this war were imprisoned in Florida, this forces the southern Plains tribes to accept the fact that they could not freely roam around the buffalo plains ====

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">> Hornblower Jonathan’s Compound steam engine <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">> Steam Engine vehicle that was used for a brief period of time around the Victorian era > Steam locomotive that helped transport goods and people <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">> the first airplane > accidents with the airplane ===============================

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Former Vice President of the Confederate States of America Alexander H. Stephens with a servant, formerly a slave

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">> Reis Telephone 1860 <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Bell's telephone in 1876 - Wheeler's electric fan <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Thirteenth Amendment Knights of Labor Seal <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Power Loom for Producing Textiles Spanish-American War <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">First Electric Typewriter <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Manual Typewriter <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Bison Hunt <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">U.S. Army with Southern Plains Indians during war

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Pierce, Michael D. "RED RIVER WAR (1874-1875) ." //Encyclopedia of Oklahoma// //History & Culture//. Google, 2011. Web. 30 Aug. 2011. <http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/R/RE010.html>.

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The Stamford Historical Society Inc. //The First Electric Blickensderfer// //Typewriter//. 1909. //The Stamford Historical Society Inc.// Google, 2011. Web. 29 Aug. 2011. <http://www.stamfordhistory.org/bl_elec.htm>. Science Museum. "Typewriters." //Astonishing Science. Spectacular Museum.// Google, 2011. Web. 29 Aug. 2011. <http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/onlinestuff/ stories/typewriters.aspx?page=5>.

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Burrowes, Timothy James. //Manual Typewriter//. 1 July 2009. //mUmBRELLA//. Google, 2011. Web. 29 Aug. 2011. <http://mumbrella.com.au/ mumbrella-isnt-the-cause-of-your-problem-mr-hartigan-7311>.

Bellis, Mary. "Typewriters." //About.com//. Google, 2011. Web. 29 Aug. 2011. <http://inventors.about.com/od/tstartinventions/a/Typewriters.htm>.

Mays, Peter. "Timeline." //Animated Atlas//. Google, 2002. Web. 30 Aug. 2011. <http://www.animatedatlas.com/timeline.html>.

Pierce, Michael D. "RED RIVER WAR (1874-1875) ." //Encyclopedia of Oklahoma// //History & Culture//. Google, 2011. Web. 30 Aug. 2011. <http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/R/RE010.html>.

Texas Beyond History. "The Red River War of 1874." //Red River War//. Google, 1 Oct. 2001. Web. 30 Aug. 2011. <http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/redriver/ index.html>.

Texas Beyond History. //Bison Hunt//. 2001. //Texas Beyond History//. Google, 2001. Web. 30 Aug. 2011. <http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/redriver/images/ BisonHunt.html>.

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North, South, and Central America, and the Greater and the Lesser Antilles

The following sites can be used to find examples that can be applied in either question 1 and 2. It's up to you to figure out how they best fit. Most importantly, practice explaining how.

Industrialization in Canada

Industrialization in America

Technology and social change in America

Changes in late 19th Century America by wiki

Instances of American Imperialism

Revolutions Timeline SA

Revolution in South and Central America

Choose events and explain how they relate to the question of change in SA

Industrialization and foreign companies in SA

Tech and Culture in the USA

Industrialization in SA

Imperialism and the US

20th Cent America